![]() Aim 2: To understand how these behaviors change within subjects using an examination stress paradigm. Furthermore, many of these studies do not take cumulative lifetime stress into account, even though number of stressful life events and chronic difficulties are reliable predictors of mental health outcomes.Īim 1: To validate objective behavioral indicators from passive mobile sensing in terms of their relationship to known correlates of stress such as perceived stress, mental health symptoms, and biological markers. Passive sensing may be one way to overcome this methodological challenge. ![]() This is unlikely to account for the effect of both the acute (right before or during each exam) and prolonged (study time leading up to the exams) stressors during final examinations. However, studies using this paradigm typically only measure variables once or twice, and compare these to a single baseline measurement. Reliable effects of the examination period have been reported on self-reported perceived stress, mental health symptoms, and immune markers. This may be especially important in the academic examination paradigm, which involves a within-subjects design that compares variables of interest during a low-stress period to variables measured during final exams. New technology can measure behaviors that are known to be associated with stress, including language use, acoustic voice characteristics, and emotional facial expressions. ![]() This could improve upon self-reported questionnaires, which may suffer from response- or interpretation-bias. It also has the advantage of measuring objective, naturalistic behavioral data. Passive mobile phone sensing data, which is collected on an ongoing basis, may be able to examine the effect of stressors. ![]()
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January 2023
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